President Obama has clearly stated his intention to “green up” America.  The cap and trade program is one of the ways in which he plans to oversee the greening of America.  The program has received mixed reviews from economic and environmental experts and only time will tell if the initiative will provide meaningful differences in the fight against climate change in an economically feasible manner.  The President has stated that his goal is to reduce U.S. emissions by 14 percent below 2005 levels by 2020 and 83 percent below by 2050.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) states that “Cap and trade is an environmental policy tool that delivers results with a mandatory cap on emissions while providing emission sources flexibility in how they comply.”  After identifying the target group, a successful cap and trade program must establish a cap, or limit, on the amount of emissions for all sources within that group. The operational concept of the program rests on the assumption that it will be easier for some companies to establish effective mechanisms for limiting their emissions than for others.  Companies that manage to emit less than their cap are able to sell the difference to companies who are struggling to maintain their emissions within the established cap.

This past Friday, the House of Representatives narrowly passed the proposal but not without President Obama’s intense lobbying in its favor.  A recent Wall Street Journal article notes that the win in the House was not an easy one for the President; indeed, he even had to convince many within his own party to support the proposal.  Many business leaders caution that the bill, if passed in the Senate and codified into law, would cost American taxpayers significantly.  The Wall Street Journal quoted a statement of the National Mining Association which warns of the cost of the program:  “’It will affect every aspect of the American economy, harming our ability to compete in the world and provide secure and affordable energy to American consumers and businesses.’” The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that in 2020, the annual cost to implement the program will be a $175 per household, an estimate that naysayers contend is very low. 

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Some time ago, I thought about writing an article about writing.  While I have read articles and research about some of the new words in the English language created through texting shorthand and the impact of the pace of quickened communication on our written language, I note that there is no substitute for a well-written book, document, article, memo, etc.

I make no claims to being a writer, professional or amateur.  I do not publish academic research at the present time.  However, I have enjoyed reading since the beginning (first grade for me), and the enjoyment of reading has given me an appreciation for the quality of writing.

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Sustainability has become an increasingly discussed topic in the United States, particularly with the initiatives proposed by the Obama Administration.  During his campaign for the White House, President Obama made it clear that sustainable initiatives would be one of his top priorities.  His assertion that the development of his “green economy” would create 5 million jobs has been debated by analysts of varying persuasions (see my recent blog article for a more thorough discussion of this debate) but nonetheless speaks to his belief that America cannot continue indefinitely with the practices of the past. 

At a March 12 meeting of Business Roundtable, an organization comprising CEOs from America’s leading companies which collectively see annual revenues of $5 trillion and employ some 10 million people, President Obama made his intentions clear.  He addressed the group saying, “We all know that the country that harnesses the power of renewable energy will lead the 21st century.  And yet, it’s China that’s launched the largest effort in history to make their economy energy efficient.  We invented solar technology, but we’ve fallen behind countries like Germany and Japan in producing it.  New plug-in hybrids will roll of our assembly lines, but they’re running on battery cells made in Korea.  I do not accept a future where the jobs and industries of tomorrow take root beyond our borders – and I know you don’t either.  It’s time for America to lead.” 

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Dr. Russell Kitchner is Associate Vice President for Regulatory and Governmental Relations at American Public University System. I asked him to provide a guest blog article on the Post 9/11 GI Bill and its impact on veterans, the Nation, and higher education.

Less than three weeks after D-Day, President Franklin Roosevelt announced the signing of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, more commonly known as the “GI Bill of Rights.” It is likely that few Americans will note this anniversary, and likely fewer still fully comprehend the impact this landmark legislation has had on our society. Millions of veterans have benefitted directly from this initiative, and the various branches of the armed services reaped recruiting dividends as a result. American higher education also has been influenced immeasurably by the presence of veterans in its classes, and the resulting cohort of well-educated veterans has contributed to the vitality of the Nation’s economy. By any measure, the GI Bill of Rights proved to be a valuable affirmation of the gratitude owed to service members for their commitment, loyalty, and the sacrifices they made in helping to safeguard America’s security, and to promote peace throughout the world.

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It is hard to have a day go by where there is not at least one article in the major media about the high cost of college.  With the recession and its impact on state and local budgets, tuitions are being increased at many public colleges and universities and some institutions are reducing the number of students attending in order to cut costs for next year.  Unfortunately, these actions are not increasing the access and affordability of higher education in the United States.

While access and affordability of higher education have been stated goals of the Spellings Commission, the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education (NCPPHE) in its annual Measuring Up reports, President Obama, and others, the recommendations for improving affordability are few and far between.  The Spellings Commission stated that colleges need to think more like entrepreneurs and examine partnerships and distance learning as options to improve access and cost.  Many in traditional higher education panned the Spellings Commission’s recommendations although little was said that had not already been identified by many of the other public policy organizations like NCPPHE, State Higher Education Executive Officers (SHEEO), Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (WICHE), and The National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (NCHEMS).  This past January, I wrote an article for this blog about a survey of college presidents entitled The Iron Triangle: College Presidents Talk About Costs, Access, and Quality.  I was aghast that during a period of economic downturn, most of the presidents surveyed stated that the only solution to improving access was to provide them with more funding at the federal and state levels.  I wonder how many entrepreneurs have succeeded by waiting for more money to pay for a product rather than designing the product to meet the ability of their customers to pay for it.

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It is really hard to identify when ethics –or the lack thereof –became a social issue of the magnitude that it seems to be now.  When I received my MBA from Tulane in 1978, a course in ethics was required for everyone in the last semester of the two year program.  It was considered the capstone course of the MBA program and our professor utilized the case study format.  Later, when I passed the CPA exam, I had to take an ethics exam in order to obtain my license in the state of Maryland.  In the early years of my career, I remember the Ivan Boesky scandal on Wall Street in the 1980’s.  Boesky took down Mike Milken of Drexel Burnham and a few others.  Of course, most recently, we have seen the fallout from Enron, Bernard Madoff, and others.  But ethical lapses are not limited to businessmen.  Almost all of us can name a few politicians who strayed from the norm like Congressman Dan Rostenkowski, Governor Rod Blagojevich, President Richard Nixon, etc.  We can also name a few government employees who earned notoriety by selling their country’s secrets including Aldrich Ames and Jonathan Pollard.   Baseball fans might think about gamblers like Shoeless Joe Jackson and Pete Rose or steroid users like Jose Canseco, Rafael Palmeiro, and Manny Ramirez.

I don’t know if the omnipresent nature of the media has drawn more attention to ethical lapses of our political, corporate, governmental, and sports figures or if the frequency has, as I suspect, increased.  However, a recent article in the New York Times spurred me to write this piece.  Written by Leslie Wayne, the article mentions that nearly 20 percent of this year’s graduating MBA class at the Harvard Business School have signed a voluntary student oath that pledges to “serve the greater good” and to “act responsibly and ethically.”  MBA programs have not stopped teaching ethics.  In fact, Harvard, Wharton, and Columbia have several ethics classes and Wharton and Columbia have ethics centers.  I think it is good that these students created this pledge.   However, ethics is not just business ethics.  Ethics is ethics.   Good ethics is good for business.  Good ethics should be good for all of our leaders and followers, no matter what their chosen field.